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Bankitalia • Dragons: North conquered by clans

«La ripresa è frenata dalle cosche mafiose»

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Mafia e economia: un rap­porto che sta diventan­do sempre più stretto e invasivo visto che sta esplodendo la presenza delle organizzazioni mafiose anche al Centro-Nord. E al contrario di quanto accade in al­tri paesi, le mafie frenano la cresci­ta del paese. A dirlo, non è stato Roberto Saviano, ma Mario Dra­ghi in un intervento all'Università Statale di Milano (organizzato da don Luigi Ciotti, presidente del­l'associazione Antimafia libera) dal significativo titolo «Le mafie a Milano e del Nord: aspetti sociali and economic. " In its conclusions, the Bank of Italy governor said that "the Italian economy had long suffered from an inhibition to grow." Then he pointed out that the causes of this poor growth "are many, different in nature and intertwined with each other, but" among the factors inhibiting - he said - there is also the mafia infiltration in the productive structure, which has increased in recent decades at least in its geographical distribution. " According

Dragons' combat the mafia, the hold that they are still in the South, the infiltration attempt in the North, it serves to strengthen the social fiber of the country but also to remove a brakes that slow down the path of our economy. "

According to the analysis of the governor, "the economic crisis we have experienced over the past three years has certainly improved things quite a few companies, which have seen dramatically reduced cash flows and market value, have become more easily assaulted by crime. " He added: "If the social and political effects of organized crime are recognized and studied, those flights are less so. But no less dangerous, "stressing that the costs of criminal activities to the community 'to rise dramatically if the crime is organized." Not to mention that in an economy infiltrated "the competition is averted."

For Dragons, 'pollution Mafia punishes the honest youth. "

He cited a study has documented how the Bank of Italy that economies with a strong presence of criminal businesses are more expensive credit. Furthermore, in those areas "is more ruinous destruction of capital resulting from pollution of local politics." Destruction characterized inter alia by an intensification of migration flows which deprives youth of intellectual forces in the South. Not surprisingly, almost one third of young immigrants are university graduates moving to the north looking of better prospects. This phenomenon, according to Dragons, "particularly painful pollution Mafia fold the hopes of honest young and educated, which could improve the communities that generate them and instead choose to have no other option than to leave." The result is that "all these costs hamper the economic development of the territories involved, the whole country."

The governor of Bank of Italy pointed out that unfortunately "in southern Italy the Mafia organizations stand out for their historical longevity, local presence, ubiquity." But a new phenomenon is emerging in the North: the danger of leaks, in fact, is increasing. And "the infiltration of gangs in Lombardy advances, as has recently warned Na tional Anti-Mafia Directorate," Draghi said. According to which "the allegations for criminal conspiracy of the Mafia were concentrated between 2004 and 2009 to four fifths in the provinces of Milan, Bergamo and Brescia. The risk is that organized crime can "pulping the fabric of a society, can undermine democracy, which has yet to dampen consolidation."

Speaking of what can make the central bank, Draghi said that " the Bank of Italy uses all the levers its disposal to assess and enhance the ability of banks to be vigilant on the front of combat money laundering. " And speaking of recycling, there is a fact that illustrates the current situation: i120 percent of reports for suspected money comes just from Lombardy. On the contrary come from Sicily i133 per cent of complaints for criminal association, but only those of i16 for recycling. "I have repeatedly said - Draghi said about banks - how important it is for their good name that they retain strong internal defenses against the risk of being a tool of money laundering, strengthening them for every euro spent is well spent." Draghi also spoke of wear, highlighting how the current law as anti-wear should be improved "because too rigid fixed thresholds that exclude access to credit for many." "With this system - said the governor - when there is low interest rates, exclusive access to credit that many individuals may have," then pushing them towards other sources. Dragons concluded by saying that "it is preparing a proposal that sets a higher threshold when there are low rates and a lower threshold when there are high rates."